Resumo A violência por parceiro íntimo (VPI) é uma violação dos direitos humanos e um grave problema de saúde pública global. Este estudo investigou fatores associados à VPI em mulheres sobreviventes na Colômbia. Quatro discussões de grupos focais com mulheres sobreviventes de VPI e 15 entrevistas com informantes-chave com profissionais de serviços sócio-médico-legais foram realizadas usando amostragem intencional nas cidades de Cali e Tuluá. As transcrições foram analisadas manualmente, sob um ponto de vista construtivista social e uma abordagem de análise de conteúdo. Os fatores associados à VPI foram divididos em 4 temas: crenças culturais, ciúmes, abuso de álcool e história pessoal da VPI. O primeiro tema foi dividido em: patriarcado, papéis de gênero, normalização da violência, desconhecimento de direitos, dependência econômica e ‘homens possuem mulheres’. VPI foi descrita como uma construção sociocultural formada por valores patriarcais e processos individuais. A VPI é causada por uma complexa interação de diferentes fatores nos níveis do indivíduo, relacionamentos, comunidade e social. Os órgãos governamentais e não governamentais e a sociedade são instados a criar juntos estratégias preventivas e específicas no contexto.

Abstract Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a human rights violation and a serious global public health problem. This study investigated factors associated with IPV in female survivors in Colombia. Four focus group discussions with female survivors of IPV and 15 key informant interviews with professionals from psychological, social and legal services and community leaders were conducted in Cali and Tuluá. Participant recruitment was via purposive sampling. Transcripts were analysed manually taking a social constructivist standpoint and a content analysis approach. Factors associated with IPV were divided into four themes: cultural beliefs, jealousy, alcohol abuse, and personal history of IPV. The first theme was divided into: patriarchy, gender roles, normalisation of violence, and unawareness of rights, economic dependence, and ‘men own women’. The sub-themes were all inter-related and underpinned by patriarchal values. IPV was described as a sociocultural construction formed by patriarchal values ingrained in community and societal norms and individual processes. Therefore, academia, governmental and non-governmental bodies and society are urged to together, create preventative, context specific strategies for individuals, communities and societies.

Resumo A violência por parceiro íntimo (VPI) é uma violação dos direitos humanos e um grave problema de saúde pública global. Este estudo investigou fatores associados à VPI em mulheres sobreviventes na Colômbia. Quatro discussões de grupos focais com mulheres sobreviventes de VPI e 15 entrevistas com informantes-chave com profissionais de serviços sócio-médico-legais foram realizadas usando amostragem intencional nas cidades de Cali e Tuluá. As transcrições foram analisadas manualmente, sob um ponto de vista construtivista social e uma abordagem de análise de conteúdo. Os fatores associados à VPI foram divididos em 4 temas: crenças culturais, ciúmes, abuso de álcool e história pessoal da VPI. O primeiro tema foi dividido em: patriarcado, papéis de gênero, normalização da violência, desconhecimento de direitos, dependência econômica e ‘homens possuem mulheres’. VPI foi descrita como uma construção sociocultural formada por valores patriarcais e processos individuais. A VPI é causada por uma complexa interação de diferentes fatores nos níveis do indivíduo, relacionamentos, comunidade e social. Os órgãos governamentais e não governamentais e a sociedade são instados a criar juntos estratégias preventivas e específicas no contexto.

Abstract Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a human rights violation and a serious global public health problem. This study investigated factors associated with IPV in female survivors in Colombia. Four focus group discussions with female survivors of IPV and 15 key informant interviews with professionals from psychological, social and legal services and community leaders were conducted in Cali and Tuluá. Participant recruitment was via purposive sampling. Transcripts were analysed manually taking a social constructivist standpoint and a content analysis approach. Factors associated with IPV were divided into four themes: cultural beliefs, jealousy, alcohol abuse, and personal history of IPV. The first theme was divided into: patriarchy, gender roles, normalisation of violence, and unawareness of rights, economic dependence, and ‘men own women’. The sub-themes were all inter-related and underpinned by patriarchal values. IPV was described as a sociocultural construction formed by patriarchal values ingrained in community and societal norms and individual processes. Therefore, academia, governmental and non-governmental bodies and society are urged to together, create preventative, context specific strategies for individuals, communities and societies.

Introducción. En la unidad de neuropsicología del Instituto Neurológico de Colombia (INDEC), la atención a niños y adolescentes con trastornos del neurodesarrollo constituye el principal motivo de consulta en diagnóstico y rehabilitación neuropsicológica. Objetivo. Caracterizar los pacientes niños y adolescentes que han consultado en la unidad de neuropsicología del INDEC. Métodos. Se seleccionaron 5747 pacientes menores de 18 años que consultaron, entre 2009 y 2012, en la unidad de neuropsicología del INDEC. Se estudiaron las variables de edad, sexo y diagnóstico. Resultados. Los diagnósticos principales de la población infantil fueron perturbación de la actividad y de la atención, retraso mental leve, y trastorno mixto de ansiedad y depresión. Se empleó la Clasificación internacional de Enfermedades (CIE-10). Conclusiones. Estos resultados muestran los principales tipos de enfermedad neurológica infantil y de adolescentes en la población perteneciente a la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia que consulta a neuropsicología, lo que aporta en la búsqueda de mejores mecanismos de prevención, control, diagnóstico y tratamiento, que faciliten una mejor incorporación social, familiar y escolar en los niños y adolescentes con alteraciones en el neurodesarrollo.

Introduction: In the neuropsychology ward of the Neurological Institute of Colombia (INDEC), children and adolescents's care with neurodevelopmental disorders is one of the main reasons for consultation about diagnosis and neuropsychological rehabilitation. Aim: Characterize both adolescent and children patients who have consulted in the neuropsychology ward INDEC. Patients and methods: 5.747 patients under 18, who were evaluated or received neuropsychological rehabilitation in the INDEC between the years 2009 and 2012 were selected. Also, the variables of age, sex and diagnosis were studied. Results: Disturbance of activity and attention were diagnosed in children, as well as mild mental retardation, mixed anxiety disorder and depression. International Classification of Diseases (ICD -10) was used. The diagnosis was made on the neuropsychology ward. Conclusion: the main consulted types of childhood neurological disease in Antioquia population were identified, in order to implement control strategies, diagnosis and treatment mechanisms that allow children with neurodevelopmental disorders are incorporated into society, family and school.

Se presenta la comorbilidad entre cuadro psicótico agudo de primera vez y consumo reciente de psicotóxicos (cocaína, marihuana, anfetamina y opiáceos) en el Hospital San Isidro de Cali. A 40 pacientes se les hizo diagnóstico de cuadro psicótico agudo, se les realizó historia clínica completa y se determinó la presencia o no de metabolitos de psicotóxicos en orina por inmunocromatografía en seco. Se encontró una asociación de 43.2% entre consumo de psicotóxicos y cuadro psicótico de primera vez. No hubo diferencias demográficas entre consumidores y no consumidores. Las diferencias estadísticamente significativas fueron: exaltación diferente a euforia en consumidores de psicotóxicos en general (p<0.05). rabia/hostilidad, alucinaciones visuales en consumidores de cocaína (p<0.05) rabia/hostilidad y exaltación diferente a euforia en consumidores de THC (p<0.05). estereotipias motoras, afecto inapropiado y alteraciones en el curso del pensamiento en pacientes no consumidores de sustancias(p<0.05).

This study shows the comorbidity between first psychotic episode and recent use of psychotoxics (Cocaine, cannabis, amphetamines, opioids and derivatives) in Hospital San Isidro in Cali. Forty patients with acute psychotic episode participated in the study. A1I subjects had complete psychiatric evaluation, and uriñe screening for substances or their metabolites was determined by inmunochromatography dry test. 43.2% of subjects with first acute psychotic episode preved to be positive for substance). Groups were comparable with respect to demographic variables. Mental status examination revealed significant differences in affect: exaltation different than euphoria was present in users (p<0.05); fury/hostility and visual hallucinations were associated to cocaine use (p<0.05); f ury / hostility and exaltation other than euphoria in THC users (p<0.05); Stereotyped psychomotor behaviors, inappropriate affect and speech alteration were present in patients non-users (p<0.05).